{"id":85529,"date":"2020-12-07T10:41:15","date_gmt":"2020-12-07T10:41:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.article19.org\/?post_type=resources&#038;p=85529"},"modified":"2021-07-07T10:52:00","modified_gmt":"2021-07-07T09:52:00","slug":"ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet","status":"publish","type":"resources","link":"https:\/\/www.article19.org\/tr\/resources\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik: Bir \u00f6zet"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Devletler gazetecileri ister d\u00fczmece \u2018darbe su\u00e7lamalar\u0131\u2019 ile tutuklamak ister mu\u011flak ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele kanunlar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda yarg\u0131lamak veya hassas konularla ilgili yay\u0131n yapmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek bi\u00e7imde olsun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u2018ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019 tehdit ediyor bahanesiyle d\u00fczenli olarak sans\u00fcrlemektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu yaz\u0131l\u0131 belge Ulusal Gu\u0308venlik, I\u0307fade O\u0308zgu\u0308rlu\u0308g\u0306u\u0308 ve Bilgiye Eris\u0327im ile ilgili Johannesburg Prensipleri<sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote \" data-mfn=\"1\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"0000000000001bc50000000000000000_85529\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-0000000000001bc50000000000000000_85529-1\">1<\/a><\/sup><span id=\"mfn-content-0000000000001bc50000000000000000_85529-1\" role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"1\">https:\/\/www.article19.org\/resources\/johannesburg-principles-national-security-freedom-expression-access-information\/<\/span>\u2019ne dikkat \u00e7ekerek ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ulusal g\u00fcvenlik temelinde s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131na dair k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r. Bu Prensipler ARTICLE 19 ve Witwatersrand \u00dcniversitesi Uygulamal\u0131 Hukuk \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Merkezi taraf\u0131ndan kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir grup uluslararas\u0131 uzman taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Uzmanlar var olan uluslararas\u0131 hukuk standartlar\u0131n\u0131 baz alarak \u00a0uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 hukuku kapsam\u0131nda ulusal g\u00fcvenlik temelinde ifade ve bilgi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin hangi s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara izin verildi\u011fini d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4><strong><em>Tan\u0131mlar<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u0130fade, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve bilgi hakk\u0131 <\/strong>herhangi bir medya arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00fclkesel s\u0131n\u0131rlara ba\u011fl\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n her \u00e7e\u015fit bilgiyi ve fikri herhangi bir m\u00fcdahale olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rma, edinme ve iletme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fe tehdit <\/strong>\u00fclkenin tam olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na veya toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik tehdit veya g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir. Bu durum d\u0131\u015f veya i\u00e7 tehdit olabilir.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><strong>\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ulusal g\u00fcvenlik temelinde s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131 <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Medeni ve Siyasi Haklara \u0130li\u015fkin Uluslararas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u2019nin (MSHUS) 19. Maddesi ve Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin (A\u0130HS) 10. Maddesi dahil \u00e7e\u015fitli uluslararas\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgesel insan haklar\u0131 belgesi taraf\u0131ndan korunan temel bir hakt\u0131r. Bu hak ayr\u0131mc\u0131 bir temelde s\u0131n\u0131rlanmamal\u0131d\u0131r fakat ulusal g\u00fcvenlik dahil spesifik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u00e7ok kat\u0131 ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir. Devletin s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famal\u0131 test olarak bilinen gereklilikleri kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterme sorumlulu\u011fu bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar anla\u015f\u0131labilir, eri\u015filebilir ve spesifik bir bi\u00e7imde <strong>kanunda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmi\u015f olmal\u0131 <\/strong>b\u00f6ylelikle hangi fiillerin bu kategoriye girdi\u011fini bilecektir<strong>. <\/strong>Kanunun k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in yarg\u0131sal denetim gibi g\u00fcvenceler olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ger\u00e7ekten <strong>ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi korumak amac\u0131nda <\/strong>olmal\u0131, bu amac\u0131 korumaya dair <strong>ispat\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan g\u00f6sterilebilir etkiye <\/strong>sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi koruyaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenerek getirilen fakat ger\u00e7ekte gazetecili\u011fi, habercili\u011fi engelleyen s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar bu testin gereklili\u011fini kar\u015f\u0131lamaz.<\/li>\n<li>S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar gerekli olmal\u0131, burada kastedilen s\u0131n\u0131rlanan ifade ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fe <strong>ciddi bir tehdit olu\u015fturmal\u0131 <\/strong>ve ifadenin s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131 bu tehdidi ele almaktaki <strong>en az s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 <\/strong>yol olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"responsive-table\"><table class=\"alignleft\" style=\"width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;background-color: #f2b296;border-style: solid\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"18\" cellpadding=\"70\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;text-align: left;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\">Bu testin gereklili\u011finin kar\u015f\u0131lanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki net bir \u00f6rnek <strong>Altan karde\u015fler <\/strong>ve di\u011ferlerine verilen m\u00fcebbet hapis cezas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu dava testin t\u00fcm a\u015famalar\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmu\u015ftur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tutukluluk halleri kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131yd\u0131: <\/strong>Altan karde\u015fler \u2018cebir ve \u015fiddet kullanarak anayasal d\u00fczeni y\u0131kmak\u2019 su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131 ancak deliller verdikleri m\u00fclakatlar ve yazd\u0131klar\u0131 makalelerdi. \u0130fade etme uluslararas\u0131 hukuk veya T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin i\u00e7 hukukuna g\u00f6re \u2018\u015fiddet\u2019 veya \u2018cebir\u2019 olarak de\u011ferlendirilemez. Ceza su\u00e7u gerektiren bir faaliyete kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren olgular\u0131n, delillerin veya bilginin olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle itham edildikleri su\u00e7u i\u015flediklerinden makul bir bi\u00e7imde \u015f\u00fcphe edilemez.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Su\u00e7lamalar me\u015fru bir ama\u00e7 g\u00fctm\u00fcyordu. <\/strong>Ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi koruduklar\u0131 iddia edilirken, delillerin incelenmesi \u00fczerine t\u00fcm kovu\u015fturma s\u00fcrecinin h\u00fck\u00fcmete y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirileri susturmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fikar hale geldi. Bahse konu ifadeler ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik aras\u0131nda herhangi bir ba\u011flant\u0131 bulunmuyordu.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130fade ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi aras\u0131nda herhangi bir ba\u011flant\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kovu\u015fturman\u0131n \u00fclkenin ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fini korumak i\u00e7in <strong>gerekli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. H\u00fck\u00fcmetlere y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftiriler ve \u00fclkenin liderleri taraf\u0131ndan ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 tehlikeye att\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilen yay\u0131nlar ceza su\u00e7lamalar\u0131yla <\/strong>\u00f6zellikle de ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne yard\u0131m etmek veya \u00fcye olmak, h\u00fck\u00fcmeti veya anayasal d\u00fczeni devirmeye te\u015febb\u00fcs etmek, ter\u00f6r propagandas\u0131 yapmak gibi ciddi su\u00e7lamalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmamal\u0131d\u0131r<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Bilgiye eri\u015fim ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Kamu otoritelerinin elinde bulunan bilgilere eri\u015fim ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn tamamlanmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015fendir. Devletlerin b\u00f6ylesi s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca \u00f6nlemesi de\u011fil-ayn\u0131 zamanda bilgi edinme hakk\u0131n\u0131 <strong>m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lacak <\/strong>\u00f6nlemleri benimsemesi de gerekmektedir. Ancak, devletler bilgiye eri\u015fimi \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ulusal g\u00fcvenlik iddias\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rlamaktad\u0131r. Bu duruma yaln\u0131zca \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famal\u0131 teste g\u00f6re izin verilmelidir, ve:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Devletler s\u0131n\u0131rlanacak bilgilerin <strong>spesifik ve dar kategorilerini<\/strong> mevzuatta d\u00fczenlemelidir-ulusal g\u00fcvenlik ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 herhangi bir bilginin eri\u015fimini engelleyecek a\u00e7\u0131k bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama uygulayamazlar.<\/li>\n<li>S\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n\u0131n kanunili\u011fi belirlenirken bilginin bilinmesindeki <strong>kamu yarar\u0131 \u00f6ncelikli de\u011ferlendirme olmal\u0131-<\/strong>dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kanunlar kamu yarar\u0131 de\u011ferini inceleyen maddeler de i\u00e7ermelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik temelinde bilgiye eri\u015fimin engellenmesi <strong>ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir yarg\u0131 otoritesi taraf\u0131ndan-<\/strong>bahse konu bilgiye eri\u015fimi olarak-<strong>incelenebilmelidir<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hali haz\u0131rda kamusal alanda olan<\/strong> bilgilere s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar getiremez.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fe tehdit olarak de\u011ferlendirilemeyecek ifadeler<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Devletlerin ulusal g\u00fcvenlik iddias\u0131yla <strong>hi\u00e7bir zaman <\/strong>s\u0131n\u0131rlanamayaca\u011f\u0131 bir dizi spesifik ifade bi\u00e7imi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ya\u015famsal \u00f6neme sahip olan nokta, ifadenin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131nda <strong>kamu yarar\u0131 <\/strong>varsa\u00a0 \u2018ulusal g\u00fcvenlik\u2019 kanunlar\u0131 ifadenin s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik iddias\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rlanamayacak ifade bi\u00e7imleri \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Bir h\u00fck\u00fcmetin veya h\u00fck\u00fcmet politikas\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fimi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u015fiddet i\u00e7ermeyen \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Grev.<\/li>\n<li>Millet, devlet veya sembollerine, h\u00fck\u00fcmet, h\u00fck\u00fcmet yetkilileri veya kurumlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftiri veya a\u011f\u0131r konu\u015fmak; ve bu kriter yabanc\u0131 bir millet i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/li>\n<li>Vicdan\u0131 ret, askere al\u0131nman\u0131n veya askeri hizmetin, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma veya tehdidin ya da uluslararas\u0131 ihtilaflarda\u00a0 g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131n reddinin savunulmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130nsan haklar\u0131 ihlalleri veya uluslararas\u0131 insanc\u0131l hukuk ihlallerine ili\u015fkin haberle\u015fme.<\/li>\n<li>Bilhassa az\u0131nl\u0131k dillerinde olmak \u00fczere spesifik bir dilde a\u00e7\u0131klanan ifadeler.<\/li>\n<li>H\u00fck\u00fcmetin ulusal g\u00fcvenlik veya di\u011fer \u00e7\u0131karlara tehdit olarak de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fi \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin-\u00f6rne\u011fin gazetecilerin silahl\u0131 gruplar hakk\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberler- bilgilerini veya bu \u00f6rg\u00fctler hakk\u0131ndaki bilgilerin ifade edilmesi.<\/li>\n<li>H\u00fck\u00fcmetin hatalar\u0131n\u0131n veya kamu kurumlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgilerin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Farkl\u0131 ideolojilerin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 veya tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik iddias\u0131yla hi\u00e7bir zaman sans\u00fcr ifadenin yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce uygulanamaz;\u00a0 ulusal d\u00fczeyde ilan edilen acil durum d\u00f6nemleri bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u2018Ter\u00f6rizmi te\u015fvik etme\u2019 temelindeki s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar <\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye dahil ulusal g\u00fcvenlik temelindeki bir\u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ter\u00f6rizmi te\u015fvik etme dahil mu\u011flak bir bi\u00e7imde tan\u0131mlanan \u2018ter\u00f6rizm\u2019 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine dayanmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Ter\u00f6rizmi te\u015fvik ile ilgili kanunlar\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 hukuku uyumlu olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finden, bu kanunlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kriterleri kar\u015f\u0131lamal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00d6z\u00fcnde tamamen ter\u00f6rist olan fiilin te\u015fvik edilmesiyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r;<\/li>\n<li>\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekenden fazla s\u0131n\u0131rlamamal\u0131d\u0131r;<\/li>\n<li>Kanunda ter\u00f6rizmi \u201cy\u00fcceltme\u201d veya \u201c\u00f6zendirme\u201d gibi mu\u011flak terimlerden sak\u0131narak net bir dil ile d\u00fczenlenmelidir;<\/li>\n<li>Te\u015fvik edilen edilen fiilin yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 somut (objektif) bir risk i\u00e7ermelidir;<\/li>\n<li>Bir mesaj\u0131n amac\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k bir bi\u00e7imde at\u0131f yapmal\u0131 ve bu mesaj\u0131n amac\u0131 bir ter\u00f6r fiilinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesin te\u015fvik etmek olmal\u0131d\u0131r; ve<\/li>\n<li>Hukuki savunmalar\u0131n veya ter\u00f6rizmi te\u015fvikin \u201ckanuni olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u201d y\u00f6nelik at\u0131flar\u0131n cezai sorumluluk d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Gazeteciler ve sivil topluma y\u00f6nelik s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik hi\u00e7bir zaman bir gazeteciyi kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya zorlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, ulusal g\u00fcvenlik gazetecilerin, h\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 organlar\u0131n veya sivil toplumun insan haklar\u0131 ihlallerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f veya ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmekte oldu\u011fu ya da (orada bulunmalar\u0131 ba\u015fka ki\u015filerin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan risk te\u015fkil etmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece) \u015fiddet veya silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131na eri\u015fimini engellemeyi gerek\u00e7elendirmek i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0130fadenin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>H\u00fck\u00fcmetler \u015fayet bilgi ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fe ger\u00e7ekten zarar vermiyorsa\/verme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmuyorsa veya bahse konu bilgilerin bilinmesindeki kamusal yarar zarardan a\u011f\u0131r bas\u0131yorsa-bilginin kamu hizmeti yoluyla \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fi durumlar dahil- bu ifadelerden sorumlu ki\u015fiyi (ceza kanunu yolu dahil olmak \u00fczere) cezaland\u0131rmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik temelinde su\u00e7lamalara maruz kalan ki\u015filer:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Uluslararas\u0131 hukuk kapsam\u0131ndaki adil yarg\u0131lanma haklar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131ndan yararlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Ger\u00e7ekten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir j\u00fcri veya hakimler taraf\u0131ndan yarg\u0131lanmal\u0131d\u0131r. En \u00f6nemlisi, bu yarg\u0131lamalardaki hakimlerin g\u00f6revlerine dair g\u00fcvencelerin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 davalar adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlalidir.<\/li>\n<li>Ordu mensubu olmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece sivil mahkemelerde yarg\u0131lanmal\u0131d\u0131r ve hi\u00e7bir zaman \u00f6zel olarak kurulan mahkeme veya komisyonlarda yarg\u0131lanmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Orant\u0131s\u0131z cezalar veya cezaland\u0131rlamalara tabi tutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.article19.org\/tr\/?attachment_id=82834\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-82834\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-82834\" src=\"https:\/\/www.article19.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/euro-logo.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"93\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.article19.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/euro-logo.png 640w, https:\/\/www.article19.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/euro-logo-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/www.article19.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/euro-logo-480x133.png 480w, https:\/\/www.article19.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/euro-logo-570x158.png 570w, https:\/\/www.article19.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/euro-logo-370x102.png 370w, https:\/\/www.article19.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/euro-logo-170x47.png 170w, https:\/\/www.article19.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/euro-logo-470x130.png 470w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Bu politika belgesi \u00f6zeti ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00e7evirisi Avrupa Birlig\u0306i&#8217;nin maddi desteg\u0306i ile haz\u0131rlanm\u0131s\u0327t\u0131r. I\u0307c\u0327erik tamam\u0131yla ARTICLE 19 sorumlulug\u0306u alt\u0131ndad\u0131r ve Avrupa Birlig\u0306i&#8217;nin go\u0308ru\u0308s\u0327lerini yans\u0131tmak zorunda deg\u0306ildir.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"modern-footnotes-list \"><li><span>1<\/span><div>https:\/\/www.article19.org\/resources\/johannesburg-principles-national-security-freedom-expression-access-information\/<\/div><\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"template":"","format":"standard","pillar":[150],"content-type":[269],"issue":[1492],"region":[],"campaign-tax":[],"class_list":["post-85529","resources","type-resources","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","pillar-civic-space-tr","content-type-policy-tr","issue-national-security-and-counter-terrorism-tr"],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":"","mobile":"","super":"","two-col":"","resources-featured":"","timeline":"","article-block":"","article-block-double":"","donations-image":"","donations-bottom-image":"","square":"","event":"","event-large":"","video":"","article-hero":"","gform-image-choice-sm":"","gform-image-choice-md":"","gform-image-choice-lg":""},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"<p>Devletler gazetecileri ister d\u00fczmece \u2018darbe su\u00e7lamalar\u0131\u2019 ile tutuklamak ister mu\u011flak ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele kanunlar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda yarg\u0131lamak veya hassas konularla ilgili yay\u0131n yapmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek bi\u00e7imde olsun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u2018ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019 tehdit ediyor bahanesiyle d\u00fczenli olarak sans\u00fcrlemektedir. Bu yaz\u0131l\u0131 belge Ulusal Gu\u0308venlik, I\u0307fade O\u0308zgu\u0308rlu\u0308g\u0306u\u0308 ve Bilgiye Eris\u0327im ile ilgili Johannesburg Prensipleri\u2019ne dikkat \u00e7ekerek ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ulusal g\u00fcvenlik temelinde s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131na dair k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r. Bu Prensipler ARTICLE 19 ve Witwatersrand \u00dcniversitesi Uygulamal\u0131 Hukuk \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Merkezi taraf\u0131ndan kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir grup uluslararas\u0131 uzman taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Uzmanlar var olan uluslararas\u0131 hukuk standartlar\u0131n\u0131 baz alarak \u00a0uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 hukuku kapsam\u0131nda ulusal g\u00fcvenlik temelinde ifade ve bilgi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin&hellip;<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"","author_info_v2":{"name":"","url":""},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik: Bir \u00f6zet - ARTICLE 19<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.article19.org\/tr\/resources\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik: Bir \u00f6zet - ARTICLE 19\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Devletler gazetecileri ister d\u00fczmece \u2018darbe su\u00e7lamalar\u0131\u2019 ile tutuklamak ister mu\u011flak ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele kanunlar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda yarg\u0131lamak veya hassas konularla ilgili yay\u0131n yapmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek bi\u00e7imde olsun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u2018ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019 tehdit ediyor bahanesiyle d\u00fczenli olarak sans\u00fcrlemektedir. Bu yaz\u0131l\u0131 belge Ulusal Gu\u0308venlik, I\u0307fade O\u0308zgu\u0308rlu\u0308g\u0306u\u0308 ve Bilgiye Eris\u0327im ile ilgili Johannesburg Prensipleri\u2019ne dikkat \u00e7ekerek ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ulusal g\u00fcvenlik temelinde [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.article19.org\/tr\/resources\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ARTICLE 19\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-07-07T09:52:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.article19.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/euro-logo.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@article19org\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/resources\\\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/resources\\\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik: Bir \u00f6zet - ARTICLE 19\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/resources\\\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/resources\\\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/euro-logo.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-12-07T10:41:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-07-07T09:52:00+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/resources\\\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/resources\\\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/resources\\\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/euro-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/05\\\/euro-logo.png\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/resources\\\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik: Bir \u00f6zet\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.article19.org\\\/tr\\\/\",\"name\":\"ARTICLE 19\",\"description\":\"\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik: Bir \u00f6zet - ARTICLE 19","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.article19.org\/tr\/resources\/ifade-ozgurlugu-ve-ulusal-guvenlik-bir-ozet\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik: Bir \u00f6zet - ARTICLE 19","og_description":"Devletler gazetecileri ister d\u00fczmece \u2018darbe su\u00e7lamalar\u0131\u2019 ile tutuklamak ister mu\u011flak ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele kanunlar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda yarg\u0131lamak veya hassas konularla ilgili yay\u0131n yapmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek bi\u00e7imde olsun ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u2018ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019 tehdit ediyor bahanesiyle d\u00fczenli olarak sans\u00fcrlemektedir. 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